Avaliação epidemiológica de pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço em um Hospital Universitário do Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo

Abstract

The head and neck surgery service assist patients with malignant tumors of upper aero digestive tract, skin and thyroid. Head and neck cancer is currently the fifth most worldwide common cancer and despite advances in conventional therapies, including surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, the survival rate has not changed in the last three decades. In Brazil, estimatives shows 14.120 new cases of oral cavity cancer in 2010, with 3.790 women and 10.330 men. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and epidemiological parameters in patients with cancer assisted by head and neck surgery service at the University Hospital of northwest region of São Paulo. Casuistic and Methods: Were retrospectively evaluated medical records of 1.351 patients of head and neck surgery service from january 2000 to may 2010. The variables analyzed were: age, gender, skin color, tobacco and alcohol consumption, primary site, staging and histologic type of tumor, treatment, number of deaths and occupational activity of patients assisted by head and neck surgery service. Results: The disease was more frequent in men (79.70%), smokers (75.15%) and etilist (58.25%). The most frequents sites were oral cavity (29.65%) and larynx (24.12%). The most common histological type was squamous cell carcinoma (84.92%) and 29.04% of individuals had as treatment surgical and 14,19 % radiotherapy Conclusions: This cancer type occurs more common in men smokers and etilists. The primary sites more incident for the patients service are oral cavity and larynx. The high rate of patients with stages III and IV indicates a late diagnosis by the treatment centers, which reflects the need for prevention education campaigns for early diagnosis of the disease.