Frequência de ocorrência de elevação da pressão arterial sistêmica no periódo noturno, avaliada por meio da monitorização

Abstract

To evaluate the frequency of occurrence of night arterial hypertension (HAN) by means of analysis of outpatient blood pressure monitoring reports (ABPM) and determine the demographic profile and mean blood pressure values of patients with nocturnal elevation of blood pressure. Method: 1020 patients were cross-sectionally evaluated through ABPM exams performed at an Institute of Cardiology in the city of São José do Rio Preto - SP from January 2019 to January 2020, determining the frequency of occurrence of nocturnal arterial hypertension. Results: The diagnosis of isolated nocturnal arterial hypertension was performed in 242 patients, representing 23.7% of the sample evaluated. The diagnosis of systemic arterial hypertension in wake/mixed and normotensive patients was equal to 39.31% (N = 401) and 36.96% (N = 377), respectively. The age of patients was 50.2 years (CI 95, 49.3 – 51.4), mean body mass index was 29.47 (CI 95, 29.15 – 29.79), 5.3% of patients were active smokers and 47.9% were male. Patients diagnosed with nocturnal arterial hypertension had mean systolic blood pressure during sleep equal to 119.6 ± 8.6 mmHg and diastolic equal to 73.2 ± 5.6 mmHg and mean systolic blood pressure during wakefulness was 121.8 ± 6.5 mmHg and diastolic equal to 76.8 ± 6.1 mmHg. Conclusion: In our study with a significant number of participants, isolated nocturnal systemic arterial hypertension was a very frequent clinical condition in patients under outpatient follow-up, related to studies published in the literature. This result suggests that ABPM can be considered a relevant complementary test in the diagnostic and prognostic approach of patients with clinical suspicion of nocturnal arterial hypertension.