Tendência temporal das sífilis gestacional congênita e cobertura da atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

Syphilis is a disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. Its treatment is effective, as long as the diagnosis is early and adequate; otherwise, it is a disease that is difficult to control and eradicate. When it affects the pregnant woman, it can have serious consequences for the fetus, such as congenital syphilis. Objectives: To analyze the temporal distribution of gestational and congenital syphilis and to compare this with the coverage of the primary health care. Methods: This is an ecological study with a quantitative approach through the analysis of the database of the Diseases Information and Notification System (SINAN) obtained through the Epidemiological Surveillance Group XXIX (GVE29). The study population covered the gestational and congenital syphilis cases reported by SINAN in the municipalities that are part of the GVE29, from 2007 to June 2017. The estimated population coverage of family health teams (FHT) and Primary Care teams (EAB) were surveyed by the e-Manager Primary Care website. The incidence rates of gestational and congenital syphilis were calculated, Vertical transmission rate. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (calculation of absolute numbers, percentages in addition to calculation of rates) and correlation with the construction of graphs of linear trend, Pearson's coefficient (R²). The study is in accordance with the ethical precepts of Resolution 466/12 and was approved under protocol 2.556.704 and CAAE: 85159518.0.0000.5489. Results: A total of 1371 cases of gestational syphilis and 639 cases of congenital syphilis were reported from 2007 to 2018 in the administrative region of GVE 29, with the incidence of these diseases, being 67.7 / thousand live births and 36.4 / thousand live births, respectively. It is observed that there was a growing trend both from family Health Teams and from Primary Care teams in the health region of São José do Rio Preto from 2007 to 2017. Conclusion: This study has contributed to identify a growing trend of gestational and congenital syphilis in addition to the broadening of the primary health care network with the development of new teams during the studied period. Therefore, being important for monitoring the epidemiological situation of gestational and congenital syphilis in the municipalities in the studied region.