Relação entre qualidade de vida, transtornos mentais menores e resiliência entre profissionais de enfermagem

Abstract

Evaluate the quality of life, minor mental disorders and the level of resilience among nursing professionals from inpatient units and emergency departments and perform a comparative analysis according to sociodemographic and professional variables. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study, carried out in inpatient units of a school hospital, Hospital de Base, and emergency sectors that comprised all Emergency Care Units in the city of São José do Rio Prêto / SP and two emergency sectors of Hospital de Base. Study population comprised all nursing assistants and technicians and nurses from the established places, with an estimated 444 professionals. Those who were on vacation and / or away from professional activities for any reason and those who did not accept to participate in the research were excluded. Data were collected after scheduling with the sector managers, to whom the researchers explained the objectives of the study and have delivered data collection instruments and the Informed Consent Form; who handed them to the professionals under their management and collected them in separate sealed envelopes from August to October 2019. Final sample of 203 participants. Four self-administered instruments wereused: questionnaire of sociodemographic and professional variables, Quality of Life Assessment Instrument (WHOQOL-BREF), Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) and Wagnild & Young Resilience Scale. Data of the scales were carried out according to the calculation of the scores, suitable for the analysis of the instruments and underwent appropriate statistical analysis, to answer the objectives of the study; a significance level of 95% was considered. Results: A total of 165 (81.3%) female professionals; 119 (58.6%) aged over 39 years; 99 (48.8%) nursing technicians; 79 (38.9%) nurses and 25 (12.3%) nursing assistants. Levels of quality of life indicating dissatisfaction with it, with no difference between the categories and inferential analysis of the scores revealed a significant difference of age (higher in older professionals), sex (higher in males) and family income (higher for the range between 1,001 and 3,000 reais). Global prevalence of minor mental disorders among study participants was 31%, lower in older professionals and in males. High resilience rates, higher in older professionals and among professionals in the emergency sectors. All without significant difference between the three categories of professionals. Conclusion: Low quality of life scores among nursing professionals. Resilience increased with age and was higher among professionals in the emergency sector. The quality of life scores and coherent association of resilience as a factor of protection to minor mental disorders. The higher the resilience, the higher the quality of life scores and coherent association of resilience as a protective factor for minor mental disorders. The results have suggested that resilience plays an important role in promoting psychological health and well-being, improving quality of life and decreasing the risks of minor mental disorders. Therefore, these have pointed ways approaches for individual and institutional interventions, both at the level of prevention and promotion, and in the recovery of the individuals' health.