Impacto de uma intervenção educativa de enfermagem na qualidade de vida de pacientes em hemodialise

Abstract

The chronic kidney disease is a global public health problem. The knowledge about the disease, self-care and quality of life are important factors for the survival of patients on hemodialysis. Objective: Assess the impact of Nursing Educational Intervention in quality of life related to health of hemodialysis patients. Methods: A quasi-experimental before-and-after study conducted with 52 chronic renal patients from a renal unit of the state of São Paulo. A sociodemographic and clinical characterization form was used, Kidney Disease Quality of Life Questionaire Short Form-KDQOL-SFTM, and the educational nursing intervention. This intervention included individual guidance on quality of life and an educational leaflet was made available. The statistical analysis of the data was descriptive and to analyze the relationship between the dimensions of the KDQOL-SFTM at the beginning of the research and after the intervention, the Student's t-correlation test was used. Results: Of he 52 patients evaluated, it was found that the majority of patients were male (28; 53.85%), adult (30; 57.69%) and resident of the city of São José do Rio Preto (37; 71.15%), retired (36; 69.23%) and married (35; 67.31%). The results of the analysis before and after the nursing educational intervention of the dimensions of health-related quality of life by KDQOL-SFTM showed statistical significance in the domains: physical aspects, emotional aspects, social function and general health status. Conclusion: It is concluded that the accomplishment of the educational nursing intervention had a positive effect on the dimensions physical aspects, general health status, emotional wellbeing and emotional aspects of the assessment of quality of life through the KDQOL_SFTM questionnaire before and after the intervention. Educational and enabled better quality of life in the survival of these patients.