Treino de controle de stress em trabalhadores de enfermagem

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to assess a training program for stress control for nursing staff workers of a hospital unit at a teaching hospital. To achieve the objective a descriptive and a quasi-experimental study were performed. The specific objectives were: 1) to survey the medical records regarding absenteeism due to mental disorders from 1995 to 2004; 2) to characterize the nursing workers temporarily suspended from the service; 3) to identify the hospital unit with most absenteeism events; 4) to evaluate the nursing workers temporarily suspended from the service; 5) to evaluate nursing workers stress, depression, and anxiety; and 6) to compare intra- and intergroup results. Descriptive Study Casuistics: Nursing workers who have an absenteeism recording in consequence of mental disorders from 1995 to 2004. Quasi-Experimental Study Casuistics: Twenty female nursing workers from the Hospital Surgery Department (HSD) were divided into two groups of ten (intervention and control). They were selected according to the survey performed at the HSD. Materials and Methods: The following instruments were used as tools: Form; Semi-structured Interview, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI); Lipp's Adult Stress Symptoms Inventory (L-SSI); and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). Descriptive Study Outcomes: two hundred and ninety four (294) nursing workers were temporarily suspended from the service due to mental disorders. Of these, 88.8% were female; married (43.2%); mean age 30 to 49 years; practical nurses (83.7%); 6 working hours per shift (30.3%), predominantly in the morning-shift (18.4%); and the surgical center was the hospital unit with greater occurrence (17.4%). Quasi-Experimental Study Outcomes: The study sample was predominantly composed of women; practical nurses (80%); married (60%); aged ranged from 31 to 41 years (50%); on morning-shift (70%); 6 working hours per shift (90%); and 1 to 5 years experience (40%). There was no significant difference in BDI score between pre- and post-program for both groups (intervention and control) (One-sided Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Rank test p=0.246 and p=0.052, respectively). In preprogram intergroup analysis, there was no significant difference (p=0.137), even though the mean of the points obtained is lower in the intervention group and there was no significant difference (p=0.013) in post-program. There was significant difference in BAI score between pre- and post-program for both groups (intervention and control; p=0.052 and p=0.410, respectively). In intergroup analysis there was also no significant difference as for preprogram (p=0.187) as for post-program (p=0.065). Regarding the stress level, six participants had stress in preprogram and four in post-program; in the control group, six had stress in preprogram and 7 in post-program. In the QSG, two factors showed statistical difference (stress factor and general health) in GI., while in the intergroup analyses, no factors showed a significant statistical difference between pre- and post-program. However, there was a decrease in all factors in the intervention group. The study allows us to conclude that the training program has helped to reduce the stress, to decrease several symptoms, and to develop more suitable strategies to deal with the problems.