Fatores associados ao reganho de peso após cirurgia bariátrica

Abstract

The frequency of bariatric surgeries has increased significantly in recent years. However, despite the efficacy of the surgical treatment, some individuals present weight gain relapse. Objectives: To identify the variables associated with weight regain in patients undergoing bariatric surgery; assess the impact of weight on quality of life; evaluate perception and satisfaction of body image; evaluate symptoms of anxiety and depression and compare the groups: weight regain versus non-weight regain. Method: This is a descriptive/cross-sectional study. A total of 43 individuals, between 28 and 63 years old, who underwent bariatric surgery due to restrictive surgery (adjustable gastric banding and vertical banded gastroplasty) or predominantly restrictive (Roux-en-y gastric bypass, with or without the containment ring) for at least five years (between 2008 - 2012), participated in the study. The following instruments were used to collect data: Socio-demographic questionnaire; Impact of weight on quality of life Questionnaire (IWQOL-Lite); Silhouetted Figures Scale and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Participants were invited to participate in the study after their medical records were analyzed. They were divided into 2 groups: in group 1, cases in which there was no weight regain (GNRP) and in group 2 cases of weight regain (GRP). Individual meetings were scheduled with each participant, when a new weighing was performed, which served as an indicator to assess whether or not there was weight regain. Results and Conclusions: Out of the total number of participants, it was observed that (31) 72.1% were still obese, (11) 25.6% were overweight, and only (1) 2.3% were eutrophic. Regarding weight regain, (30) 69.8% presented a relapse above 15% of the weight lost. By comparing the two groups it was observed that there is a greater prevalence of sedentary lifestyle in the GRP. Symptoms of depression were found in (4) 13.3% of GRP. We expect that the results of this research may subsidize strategies to help these patients better deal with the problems associated with bariatric surgery.